Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them. George W. Bush (R) & Dick Cheney (R) v. Al Gore (D) & Joe Liberman (D) No candidate won a majority in the 2000 election. a) running for congress b) writing about immigrants c) leading factor riots d) speaking against slavery. rejected the decision of the us supreme court on the hand recount. Expert Answers. Q: When the votes were recounted in Florida, who won the 2000 presidential election? Floridas electoral votes enabled Bush to win the presidency. c. 271. Nine other counties said that it was a possibility, while 49 counties said that they would not have counted reclaimable overvotes per the court's order. The county-level variance from the total number of ballots was 0.76%. The Florida Supreme Court extended the deadline for the recount and ordered a manual recount. Also at issue was the so-called butterfly ballot design used in Palm Beach county, which caused confusion among some Gore votersprompting them to inadvertently cast their votes for third-party candidate Pat Buchanan, who received some 3,400 (some 20 percent of his total votes statewide). A: There is currently no strong evidence that acetaminophen use during pregnancy causes autism or ADHD in children. On the other hand, he said, Democrats talked like referees with a fear of pushing too hard, not wanting to be seen as sore losers. [19]:221234.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. By late November the Florida state canvassing board certified Bush the winner by 537 votes, but the election still was unresolved, as legal battles remained. Networks initially projected Gore the winner in Florida, but later they declared that Bush had opened an insurmountable lead. The election hinged on results from the state of Florida, where the vote was so close as to mandate a recount. [10] The county canvassing board was then to decide whether to do a recount, as well as the method of the recount, in those three precincts. Conservative writer Andrew Sullivan in a contemporaneous article:[61]. The NORC adjusted its analysis for the Orange County results and a few minor differences by increasing the starting baseline vote total by 535 votes. Gore had first called Bush to congratulate him on his victory, called again to rescind the concession. Officials in a majority of punch-card counties said they would accept a single-corner detached chad as an indicator of voter intent, and officials in a majority of optical scan counties said they would accept all affirmative marks as described in NORC codes as indicators of voter intent. Yes, I do. The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. [22] At the same time that the Bush campaign was contesting hand recounts in Democratic counties, it accepted hand recounts in Republican counties that gained them 185 votes, including where Republican Party workers had been permitted to correct errors on thousands of applications for absentee ballots for Republicans. 9 terms. Meanwhile, on December 6 the Republican-controlled Florida legislature convened a special session to appoint a slate of electors pledged to Bush, as the U.S. Constitution bestows upon state legislatures the duty to determine how its state's electors are appointed. The only exception: African-Americans. 1 / 6. The day of inauguration is in January and voting day is held in early November. The 2000 election was determined by the American voting public. The 2000 presidential election was the closest in the history of the US Electoral College and the first ever to be decided by the US Supreme Court. Labor Archives of Washington, University of Washington Libraries Special Collections. Copyright 2023 Center for the National Interest All Rights Reserved. How do you explain the data shown on this map? In effect, the latter ruling made Bush president. That decision was announced on live worldwide television by the Florida Supreme Court's spokesman Craig Waters, the Court's public information officer. But the state of the 2020 race is completely different, as Gore stated, than two decades ago. India? How long would the recount have taken? In comparison, counties that used paper ballots scanned by computers at voting places (in order to give voters a chance to correct their ballot if it had an error) had just 1 in 200 uncountable ballots. It was ostensibly completed on November 10 in the 66 Florida counties that used vote-counting machines and reduced Bush's lead to 327 votes. An elector from the District of Columbia "cast a blank ballot", effectively abstaining, so DC cast only 2 of its 3 electoral votes for a candidate for both President and Vice President. Eighteen years is a long time. Direct link to Alex Nemchenko's post Why was a re-vote not ena, Posted 7 years ago. [81] Florida State University professor of public policy Lance deHaven-Smith observed that, even considering only undervotes, "under any of the five most reasonable interpretations of the Florida Supreme Court ruling, Gore does, in fact, more than make up the deficit". Would it have been possible to have some other non-partisan judges hear the Bush v Gore case? It was anecdotal evidence at best, and local authorities argued persuasively that the police presence near a polling place was pure coincidence. Finally, we hit the seventh page.. ^2 2 For the results of the subsequent election, see United States presidential election of 2004. Updates? Biden has several leads in battleground states as of Friday and most likely will nix Trump from the White House in January. Regarding the first issue, the court ruled that, while Harris was generally entitled to deference in her interpretation of state laws, in this case the interpretation "contravene[d] the plain meaning" of the phrase "error in the vote tabulation" and so must be overturned. Sauls also rejected Gore's contest of the election result on December 4, and Gore appealed that decision too. The court ruled that counties had that authority and to allow time for these efforts, extended the statutory deadline for the manual recounts. Including overvotes in the above totals for undervotes gives different margins of victory: The overvotes with write-in names were also noted by Florida State University public policy professor and elections observer, Lance deHaven-Smith, in his interview with Research in Review at Florida State University:[85]. Overall, the results were justtoo close to callon election night. [83] Under the other standards used in the study, Bush's margin of victory increased as looser standards were used. Most of the excitement in the primaries came on the Republican side, as Bush faced a stiff challenge from John McCain, a U.S. senator from Arizona; other candidates included businessman Steve Forbes, diplomat and conservative commentator Alan Keyes, U.S. senator Orrin Hatch, and conservative activist Gary Bauer. Bush led Gore in Florida by 1784 votes. [4] Once it became clear that Florida would decide the presidential election, the nation's attention focused on the manual recount. (Three other tallies that are not statewide votes are also in the balance as the recount begins.). See how a vote recount in the state. Polk, Hamilton, Seminole, and Taylor Counties, which used the more reliable optical scanners, decided to manually examine unreadable ballots (both undervotes and overvotes) during the counties' electronic recounts, in accordance with those counties' existing policies (see. As the manual recounts continued, the battle to certify the results intensified. But in 2000, the prize was the presidency of the United States. Such explanations did little to lessen the sense of anger among black Democrats. He and his legal team will need to produce solid evidence of it. If they did not send their electoral votes to Congress before the official the deadline to do so, neither Bush nor Gore could have reached 270 electoral votes and a contingent election would have taken place in the House of Representatives for President and in the Senate for Vice President, which would have been super messy and therefore everyone worked hard to avoid that situation. So it is possible that either candidate might have emerged the winner of an official recount, and nobody can say with exact certainty what the "true" Florida vote really was. But it soon became clear the precincts reporting on Tuesday did not include all the voters whose ballots were sent by mail. The Palm Beach County recount and the Miami-Dade County recount (having been suspended) were still incomplete at 5:00p.m. on November 26, when Harris certified the statewide vote count with Bush ahead by 537 votes. [2] That deadline arrived two hours after the release of the Court's decision. About 3:00 am Gore called a stunned Bush to retract his concession. [4], An analysis of the NORC data by University of Pennsylvania researcher Steven F. Freeman and journalist Joel Bleifuss concluded that, no matter what standard is used, after a recount of all uncounted votes, Gore would have been the victor. Meanwhile, there was a heavy backlash in the Cuban-American population against Democrats during the Elian Gonzalez dispute, during which Janet Reno, President Bill Clintons Attorney General, ordered the six-year-old Cuban refugee to be returned to Cuba. Later in the evening, the networks reversed their call, moving to "too close to call", then later giving it to Bush; then they retracted that call as well, finally indicating the state was "too close to call". On the evening of election dayNovember 7, 2000a clear winner of the presidential election had yet to emerge. Negative sign indicates number of votes that decision caused to be excluded from state certified total. The result, released Nov. 11, 2001, was something of a muddle. decided a hand recount could not be done in time for the electoral college vote Direct link to SoccerboyH2's post IF the results were "scat, Posted 2 years ago. Please select which sections you would like to print: Michael Levy was political science editor (2000-06), executive editor (2006-11), editor of Britannica Blog (2010-11), and director of product content & curriculum (2011-12) at Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The Palm Beach Post put it more dramatically: He couldnt have caught George W. Bush even if his two best chances for an official recount had played out. It won Outstanding Television Movie at the Primetime Emmy Awards, with Roach winning Outstanding Directing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Dramatic Special, and Dern a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress Series, Miniseries or Television Film. On November 9, the Bush campaign announced they had hired George H. W. Bush's former Secretary of State James Baker and Republican political consultant Roger Stone to oversee their legal team, and the Gore campaign hired Bill Clinton's former Secretary of State Warren Christopher..mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}. Cerabino, Frank. With only two hours remaining until the December 12 deadline, the Supreme Court's order effectively ended the recount. the same name, a blank space or a historical or fictional name (1): the same name, a blank space or an uncertified person's name, the same name, a blank space, a historical or fictional name or an uncertified person's name. That's a load of high-profile, high-value races. On November 17, Judge Terry Lewis of Leon County Circuit Court permitted Harris to certify the election results without the manual recounts, but on the same day the Florida Supreme Court stayed that decision until it could consider an appeal by Gore. Africa? The 2000 presidential election pitted Republican. Judge Robert Rosenberg of the Broward County Canvassing Board uses a magnifying glass to examine a dimpled chad on a punch card ballot on November 24, 2000 during a vote recount in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Want to feel old? About 19,000 ballots were spoiled because of overvotes (two votes in the same race), compared to 3000 in 1996. These standards are applied to both undervotes and overvotes. Following the 2000 presidential election, the bush campaign asked the florida supreme court to order a hand recount of the ballots. Eventually, the Gore campaign appealed to the Florida Supreme Court, which ordered the recount to proceed. IF the results were "scattered", who would officially be president? [2] Gore phoned Bush the night of the election to concede, then retracted his concession after learning how close the Florida count was.[3]. One big question that I have: Why did the Supreme Court decide a recount was unconstitutional? According to their results, Bush won under stricter standards and Gore won under looser standards. Kohut thought the first waves of exit polls leaned too much on what appeared to be an over-sampling of demographic groups inclined to vote Democratic. [14]:89 On November 13, the federal court ruled against an injunction. The "set aside" ballots were dimpled ballots that were challenged by the two parties. One of them came from the campaign of the Republican nominee, George W. Bush, then governor of Texas. The state's electorate was becoming more diverse in general, with growing Asian and Hispanic immigrant populations. According to factcheck.org, "Nobody can say for sure who might have won. Do I believe that these people inadvertently cast their votes for Pat Buchanan? [36], The project's goal was to determine the reliability and accuracy of the systems used in the voting process, including how different systems correlated with voter mistakes. Her work has appeared in The Washington Post, U.S. News & World Report andThe Hill. After a rapid-fire of legal efforts from both parties -- similar to litigation efforts by Trumps campaign -- the Florida Supreme Court officially requested a recount of votes in Floridas 67 counties, which Bush then appealed. How such recounts in the case at hand could be made to fit into the statutory scheme, which, as Harris interpreted it, contemplated a quick certification followed, if necessary, by an election contest during which a court (rather than the canvassing boards) would be empowered to correct errors. The next day, the Florida Supreme Court allowed manual recounts in Palm Beach and Broward Counties to continue but left it to a state judge to decide whether Harris must include those votes in the final tally. Even though four other Optiscan counties (Hamilton, Polk, Seminole, Taylor) manually reviewed machine-rejected ballots for votes to include in their certified totals, Includes increase in Orange County's unofficially revised machine-tabulated vote total, due to machine later counting 512 ballots that were previously machine-rejected ("could not be distinguished from ballots that were accepted and counted they appeared to be properly completed"): Gore 249, Bush 184 (total 433). Direct link to ArmstronMakenna's post Shouldn't the electoral c, Posted 6 years ago. The 2000 presidential election was a pivotal moment in history that ended up with a recount in Florida. However, his presence as governor in Florida did help George W. Bush a lot. On November 14, Democratic lawyer Mark Herron authored a memo on how to challenge flawed ballots, including overseas ballots cast by members of the military. The final official Florida count gave the victory to Bush by 537 votes, making it by percentage not only the tightest race of the campaign (New Mexico was decided by 366 votes but has a much smaller population, representing a 0.061% margin), but also the closest in any United States presidential election ever. [79] Some counties produced their rejected ballots by rerunning all ballots through tabulation machines but were unable to deliver all problem ballots because machines accepted more ballots than previously certified and rejected fewer. In the Election of 2000, Florida was. [2] It was also the first time the Democratic candidate won Orange County since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. State results tallied on election night gave 246 electoral votes to Republican nominee Texas Governor George W. Bush and 255 to Democratic nominee Vice President Al Gore, with New Mexico (5), Oregon (7), and Florida (25) too close to call that evening. There were also small but measurable differences in the way that the "neutral" investigators counted certain types of ballots, an indication that different counters might have come up with slightly different numbers. On December 8, in a 43 decision, the Florida Supreme Court ordered immediate manual recounts of undervotes for the office of president in all counties where such recounts had not already taken place. Bush carried most states in the South, the rural Midwest, and the Rocky Mountain region, while Gore won most states in the Northeast, the upper Midwest, and the Pacific Coast. Bush also probably would have won had the state conducted the limited recount of only four heavily Democratic counties that Al Gore asked for, the study found. in answer to "Would the county accept a write-in overvote if the write-in text area contained a non-qualified candidate?". The US Presidential Election of 2000 featured George W. Bush and Al Gore. George W. Bush received fewer popular votes than Albert Gore Jr., but received a majority of electoral votes. Half of the overvotes in Duval County had one presidential candidate marked on each page, making their vote illegal under Florida law. Nonetheless, Republicans put significant advertising resources into the state, and later polls indicated that the state was very much in play as late as September 2000. Jeb Bush, the nominee's brother, and she had been co-chair of the nominee's statewide campaign. Declared George bush the winner of Florida after intervention from the Supreme Court of the United States and gave bush the state by a margin of 537 votes. It was in line with a letter sent out by Harris stating that if a postmark was not present on an overseas ballot, it had to be thrown out. Direct link to 18_pkemp's post I have heard that Jeb Bus, Posted 6 years ago. Some media reports focused on undervotes (chad blocked hole, wrong ink or pencil used, partial oval mark not detected, humidity affected scanner, ballot feeder misalignment), while others also included overvotes (hole punched or oval filled plus a write-in name, other multi-marked ballots). Initial election returns showed that Gore had won the popular vote, but neither candidate had garnered the 270 electoral votes required to win the presidency. According to standards being applied by each county at the time. a) helping the poor b) writing about slavery c) her Abolitionist newspaper d) running the underground railroad, what was fredrick dounglass best known for? [37] Because there was no clear indication of what the voters intended, those numbers were not included in the consortium's final tabulations. Cunningham estimated the number of Buchanan supporters in Palm Beach County to be between 400 and 500. Cantal Asia? A previous version of this story incorrectly gave Republican Ron DeSantis' first name as Brian. "[4] According to Anthony Salvado, a political scientist at the University of California, Irvine, who acted as a consultant on the media recount, most of the errors were caused by ballot design, ballot wording, and efforts by voters to choose both a president and a vice president. George W. Bush, et al., Petitioners v. Albert Gore, Jr., et al. Florida state election law required a mandatory statewide machine recount. Consider the fact that babies who were crying in cribs while their parents agonized over Florida's protracted presidential recount in 2000 are now of voting age. But as more votes were counted, Bush edged into the lead later in the night, prompting networks to renounce their projections and name Florida as undecided. Then they called the Sunshine State for Bush, which was followed by a private concession by Gore that was itself soon rescinded. Jeb Bush really didn'. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. That call was made in the early morning hours of November 8 by all the TV networks cited above, but not by the AP. The campaign On December 9, 2000, four counties (Leon, Liberty, Madison, Manatee) completed recounts of undervotes ordered by the Florida Supreme Court, identifying a small number of new votes. As more votes were tallied, Gore narrowed Bushs lead to less than 2,000 votes, which pushed for an automatic recount in the state as the margin was so tight. Whoever wins the most votes in the state is awarded all 25 electoral votes. To know more about presidential election of 2000 visit:-, This site is using cookies under cookie policy . What was the primary election-year problem in Florida? "But," it said, "Gore could not have won without a hand count of overvote ballots, something that he did not request.". Democrats claimed that many of these were not felons and should have been eligible to vote under Florida law. The ballots themselves became an issue, as the Democratic nominee argued that some of the counties ballots were confusing to interpret, surfacing the butterfly ballot discrepancy where Gore believed voters accidentally voted for Pat Buchanan, a third-party candidate due to the design of the ballot. CNN.com, 2001. Republican Ron DeSantis proclaimed victory in the governor's race and current Gov. In particular, from summer 1999 to spring 2000, Florida's voter list was subject to an unusually high number of problems. [12], On election day itself, the extent of the mix-ups in the electoral rolls was such that "in a number of precincts in Florida's inner cities, the polling locations were heavily fortified with police. At about 3:00 am Gore called a stunned Bush to retract his concession. India? In the Election of 2000, Florida was (5 points) Select one: a. first to submit state election results b. a swing state with challenged votes c. overwhelmingly in support of Bush d. overwhelmingly in support of Gore 2 See answers Advertisement HistoryGuy The hotly-contested battle for the presidency between George W. Bush and Al Gore was ultimately decided by the Supreme Court. Florida's secretary of state, Katherine Harris, a Republican, then gave counties until 2:00p.m. on November 15 to provide reasons for recounting their ballots. None of these findings are certain. What Can This Tell Us About the 2020 Presidential Race? As court challenges were issued over the legality of hand recounts in select counties, news stories were filled with the arcane vocabulary of the election judge. a swing state with challenged votes. At the nations highest court, Floridas election system wason pins and needlesas officials scanned election machines, voter lists, vote counting guidelines and partisan officials. What the Bush v. Gore studies showed", "Media Recount: Bush Won the 2000 Election", "Statistical Practice: Reliability of the Uncertified Ballots in the 2000 Presidential Election in Florida", "Newspapers' recount shows Bush prevailed", "Florida voter errors cost Gore the election", "Battlefield Florida: A Chat with Lance deHaven-Smith", How we got here: A timeline of the Florida recount, Video highlight of Florida Supreme Court Chief Justice Wells opening, Video highlights of November 20, 2000 and December 7, 2000 oral arguments in. Gore garnered 255 electoral votes to Bushs 246, but neither candidate won the 270 electoral votes necessary for victory. [23], Political commentator and author Jeff Greenfield observed that the Republican operatives in Florida talked and acted like combat platoon sergeants in what one called "switchblade time", the biggest political fight of the century. It pitted Republican candidate George W. Bush, then governor of Texas and son of former president George H. W. Bush (1989-1993), and Democratic candidate Al Gore, then Bill Clinton's Vice President. There were two main issues:[55][56][57][58]. But in 2000, the prize was the presidency of the United States. For example, 21,188 of the Florida overvotes, or nearly one-fifth of the total, originated from Duval County, where the presidential ballot was split across two pages and voters were instructed to "vote every page". Direct link to Edward (Eddie) W.'s post One big question that I h, Posted 2 years ago. Even so, when we think of that time, many of us conjure up memories as sharp as barbed wire, roll our eyes or sigh out loud when anyone mentions "Florida 2000.". Among the many bad things aboutBush v. Gore, one of the worst is it takes, like, till page seven until you find out the outcome of the case, Ron Klain, a Gore aide,toldthe Atlantic. County officials tried to discern voter intent through a cloud of hanging chads (incompletely punched paper ballots) and pregnant chads (paper ballots that were dimpled, but not pierced, during the voting process), as well as overvotes (ballots that recorded multiple votes for the same office) and undervotes (ballots that recorded no vote for a given office). In such case, only the write-in vote is void." Following the machine recount, the Gore campaign requested a manual recount in four counties. The case then raced through the state-level court and headed to the US Supreme Court. what was harriet tubman beat know for? Engelhardt, Joel and Elliot Jaspin and Christine Stapleton. Florida Code Section 101.5614[5] states that no vote "shall be declared invalid or void if there is a clear indication of the intent of the voter. This page was last edited on 31 January 2023, at 18:06. What good and Ideas came from china ? The answer to your question is-they could have decided to not send their electoral votes to Congress but they really wanted to send their votes as not sending them would have effectively disenfranchised everyone in Florida . The 2000 presidential election between George W Bush and Al Gore was the closest election in modern history with the results hinging on voters in South Florida. Q: Is the use of acetaminophen during pregnancy linked to autism or ADHD? After a five-week legal blitz that virtually ended in the Supreme Court, Bush was named the next president of the United States. By November 10 the machine recount was complete, and Bushs lead stood at 327 votes out of six million cast. United States presidential election of 2000, American presidential election held on Nov. 7, 2000, in which Republican George W. Bush narrowly lost the popular vote to Democrat Al Gore but defeated Gore in the electoral college.

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