The law prohibits minors from working in a broad list of hazardous and unhealthy occupations. On July 21, Merida, Yucatan, municipal police detained Jose Eduardo Ravelo Echeverria. Online discrimination, harassment, and threats were problems particularly for women journalists and politicians, as well as any individuals and organizations advocating for womens rights. Nonetheless, NGOs and media reported on sexual exploitation of minors, as well as child sex tourism in resort towns and northern border areas. The Prosecutor Generals Office owned a previous genetics database, which consisted of 63,000 profiles, and was responsible for the new database. The government was reasonably effective in enforcing child labor laws in large and medium-sized companies, especially in the export-oriented factory (maquiladora) sector and other industries under federal jurisdiction. Sign up with the U.S. State Department's Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP), a free service that alerts the local U.S. Embassy to your presence and connects you to regular updates on traveler safety. In the first six months of the year, Article 19 registered 362 attacks against journalists and accused public officials of committing 134 of them. The presidential cabinet had 19 secretariats, and as of August women headed seven. Hundreds of thousands of workers continued to work in foreign-owned factories, mainly in northern border states, producing electronics, medical equipment, and auto parts. The Monterrey Country Council is active, meeting quarterly. The INE sanctioned 107 persons for gender-based political violence. Legally mandated joint management and labor committees set standards and are responsible for overseeing workplace standards in plants and offices. Censorship or Content Restrictions: Human rights groups reported that some state and local governments censored media. At the federal level, the Secretariat of Social Development, Prosecutor Generals Office, and National System for Integral Family Development share responsibility for inspections to enforce child labor laws and to intervene in cases in which employers violate such laws. The OSAC information exchange mechanism also . Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum marriage age is 18. The National Guard, which began operations in 2019, is a civilian institution reporting to the Secretariat of Public Security and Civil Protection. In January 2020 the government raised the minimum wage. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. To some of the abusers were reported to be male classmates, but there were also reports sexual! Authorities declared 10 political parties eligible to participate in the midterm elections. Impunity for torture was prevalent among the security forces. The governments failure to enforce labor laws left workers with little recourse for violations of freedom of association, poor working conditions, and other labor provisions in states that had not yet implemented the new labor justice model. Many women working in the industry reported suffering some form of abuse. Sandoval remained in pretrial detention as of August. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. Various news outlets showed a video of two National Migration Institute agents with riot gear and shields grabbing one migrant, knocking him to the ground, and kicking him. Gomez had advocated against illegal logging and the destruction of the Michoacan monarch butterfly habitat. Observers from grassroots labor rights groups, international NGOs, and multinational apparel brands reported that employers in export-oriented supply chains increasingly used hiring methods that lessened job security. Users can access Events, OSAC Analysis reports, Incident reports, and Crime & Safety reports. After the STPS canceled the vote, in May the rapid response mechanism under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement commenced, and the government agreed to review a denial of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights at the plant, confirming the denial of rights. For example, the office issued three arrest warrants in the case of the August 2020 killing of Juan Nelcio Espinosa, an independent journalist in Piedras Negras, Coahuila, who died while in police custody. On April 24, congress approved a reform to the labor law aimed at banning subcontracting of personnel for core or main economic activities in the public and private sectors. The CABs were widely alleged to administer these elections with a bias against new, independent unions. Last Update: Reissued with updates to health information. The government generally exempted accompanying adults from detention to preserve family unity. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. Ramos had been searching for her missing husband for the previous seven months as a member of two search collectives. Lopez had filed a complaint with the Interior Secretariat asking for greater government intervention in the indigenous Tsotsil regions following increased drug trafficking-related violence. The STPS certification of the new election set November 3 as the date for termination of the existing agreement, thus establishing that representation rights would be determined under the new labor reform rules and institutions. This guide covers all you need to know about the safety and security considerations for a trip to Mexico including Covid and pandemic related concerns, road safety, crime and more. State-level prosecutors reported investigating at least 199 cases involving child trafficking victims in 2020. Country Summary: Violent crime - such as homicide, kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery - is widespread and common in Mexico. Civil society organizations alleged that workers were prohibited from leaving by threats of violence or by nonpayment of wages. On the OSAC Registry. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). The minimum age for hazardous work is 18, including all work in the agricultural sector. The CNDH sends a request to the authority asking for evidence of its compliance and includes this follow-up information in its annual report. As in 2020, NGOs in Campeche and Yucatan submitted multiple civil injunctions against the project citing a lack of transparency regarding environmental impact assessments and adverse effects on indigenous cultural heritage. Sometimes family members arranged marriages for girls younger than 18. Despite a 2017 injunction issued by a state district judge to prevent further grave abuses at the institution, the CNDH reported state authorities failed to supervise the conditions at Ciudad de los Ninos. In 2019 legislators passed a constitutional reform recognizing Afro-Mexicans as an ethnic group. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. During the first six months of 2021 the INEGI reported a total 16,972 (provisional) and the SESNSP reported 16,950 murders. Organized criminal groups dominated migrant smuggling operations and often kidnapped, threatened, and extorted migrants to pay a fee for facilitating northbound travel. Political Parties and Political Participation: For the electoral process, the National Electoral Institute (INE) established the Three Out of Three Against Violence initiative, which required candidates to declare any history of domestic violence, sexual offenses, or failure to pay alimony. A Mexico City municipal law provides increased penalties for hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Freedom of Expression, Including for Members of the Press and Other Media, b. Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and Association, d. Freedom of Movement and the Right to Leave the Country, e. Status and Treatment of Internally Displaced Persons, Section 3. Bail is available for most crimes, except for those involving organized crime and a limited number of other offenses. The National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) is responsible for independently investigating security force abuses, including killings, and can issue nonbinding recommendations for prosecution. Crime Threats. In 2019 a Mexico City court ordered academic Sergio Aguayo, a columnist of the daily newspaper Reforma, to pay a fine of 10 million pesos ($530,000) in moral damages to former Coahuila governor Humberto Moreira. He was a member of a search collective and the state search commission. The law states that the principle of gender parity should be observed in the designation of cabinet members, selection of candidates for public office by every political party, and designation of members of the judiciary. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Section 1. Birth Registration: Children derive citizenship both by birth within the countrys territory and from their parents. A 2016 ruling by the Supreme Court removed the cap on fines for moral damages, leaving journalists vulnerable to exorbitant fines. Violence and Harassment: Journalists were killed or subjected to physical and cyberattacks, harassment, and intimidation (especially by state agents and transnational criminal organizations) in response to their reporting. The government deployed hundreds of security forces to contain the caravan. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. Freedom to Participate in the Political Process, Section 4. News reports indicated poor working conditions in some factories. Federal authorities supported access to contraceptive methods, but states efforts varied widely. The law provides criminal penalties for corruption by officials, and the government took steps to increase its legal authority to pursue these crimes. According to a 2017 INEGI survey, the most recent information available, 12 percent of women were illegally asked to take a pregnancy test as a prerequisite to being hired. Discrimination in employment or occupation occurred against women, indigenous groups, persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ individuals, and migrant workers. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. Government officials stated that the harassment of Catholic priests and evangelical Protestant pastors reflected high levels of generalized violence throughout the country and not targeted attacks based on religious faith. Between January and June, state authorities opened 129,020 new domestic violence investigations. The constitution and law prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labor, but the government did not effectively enforce the law. There were some complaints of illegal searches or illegal destruction of private property. NGOs reported that acts of excessive use of force and arbitrary detention occurred against female protesters, especially those protesting gender-based violence. According to the NGO Freedom House, Researchers continued to document cases of journalists, human rights lawyers, activists, and political figures targeted with Pegasus spy software. OSAC's public-private partnership currently consists of over 5,400 organization and 18,000 individual members. NGOs stated authorities failed to investigate torture allegations adequately. Defendants may not be compelled to testify or confess guilt. Not all public defenders were qualified, however, and often the state public defender system was understaffed. Reports indicated that women suffered disproportionately from pretrial detention. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office reported a total of 2,041 federal investigations underway into disappearances involving approximately 3,400 persons. Police occasionally failed to provide impoverished detainees access to counsel during arrests and investigations as provided for by law, although the right to public defense during trial was generally respected. VFelbabBrown. Through a nationwide assessment process, the National Search Commission (CNB) revised the governments official number of missing or disappeared persons repeatedly as additional data became available. An opinion poll in April 2019 showed more than 70 percent of the population supporting the CICIG. The STPS has the authority to order labor inspections at any time in the event of labor law violations, imminent risk to employees, or workplace accidents. The Jalisco government disarmed the municipal police force of Ixtlahuacan and turned over public security duties to the National Guard and the Jalisco Secretariat for Public Security. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. Across the criminal justice system, many actors lacked the necessary training and capacity to carry out their duties fairly and consistently in line with the principle of equal justice. The law mandates that all discrimination cases, including sexual harassment, bypass formerly mandatory conciliation and proceed directly to the labor courts. joseph testa obituary, ivo graham ludo graham relationship, family picture poses for 5 adults, rsl care enterprise agreement 2015, . In May 2020 the CNDH reported that children were subjected to abuses such as torture, sexual violence, and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment at Ciudad de los Ninos, a private institution in Salamanca, Guanajuato. According to labor rights NGOs, employers in all sectors sometimes used the illegal hours bank approach requiring long hours when the workload is heavy and cutting down hours when it is light to avoid compensating workers for overtime. The constitution prohibits discrimination based on ethnicity, and a federal law prohibits all forms of discrimination. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. Civil society groups claimed police routinely subjected LGBTQI+ persons to mistreatment while in custody. Many workers were compelled into forced labor through debt bondage, threats of violence, and nonpayment of wages by recruiters and employers. Subcontracting is allowed if it is used to perform specialized services unrelated to the main economic activity of businesses or public institutions. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. Although authorities generally maintained effective control over the security forces, there were instances in which security force elements acted independently of civilian control. Investigations continued into the 2014 disappearances of 43 students from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers College in Iguala, Guerrero. In 2016 all civilian and military courts officially transitioned from an inquisitorial legal system based primarily upon judicial review of written documents to an accusatorial trial system reliant upon oral testimony presented in open court. On March 11, an anticorruption and antinepotism constitutional reform granted the Federal Judiciary Council the administrative organ of the federal court system more oversight over district and appeals courts and limited hiring authorities of individual judges. Following Ramos killing, Cecilia Flores, the leader of one of the search collectives in which Ramos participated, received death threats. | OSAC is a partnership . Indigenous persons generally had limited access to health care and education services. Citizens generally registered the births of newborns with local authorities. There were repeated reports of excessive use of force by police officials when detaining people or policing protests and by members of the National Migration Institute (INM) and the National Guard against migrants. In April the government passed a penal code reform eliminating the statute of limitations for sexual crimes against minors, including child pornography distribution, child sex tourism, corruption of minors, pederasty, sexual abuse, and rape. Reforms to the Prosecutor Generals Office split the Office for Combating Violence Against Women and the Trafficking in Persons offices in an effort to elevate these issues by giving each its own special prosecutor general. Arbitrary Arrest: Allegations of arbitrary detentions persisted throughout the year. The threat against journalists by organized crime was particularly high in the state of Guerrero. Media monopolies, especially in small markets, at times constrained freedom of expression. After denying they existed, in 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office provided evidence of Pegasus licensing contracts in 2016 and 2017. In July Public Safety Secretary Rosa Isela Rodriguez revealed that the Felipe Calderon and Enrique Pena Nieto administrations signed 31 contracts for $61 million to buy Pegasus spy software. Authorities arrested Mario Reyes and Gladis Cruz in connection with the killing. On January 14, community leaders went to the municipal headquarters of Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero, to urge revocation of Protestant families local property rights for refusing to participate in the construction and servicing of the local Catholic church. Federal law provides for freedom of internal movement, foreign travel, emigration, and repatriation, and the government generally respected these rights. While on average informal workers earned less than the minimum wage, in some areas, such as near the northern border, informal employment could pay more than formal employment in the manufacturing sector. Between January 1 and August 4, it received 4,119 reports of missing persons and located 3,805 alive and 277 deceased. According to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) 2016 survey, 18 percent of women ages 15 and older reported having experienced physical violence at the hands of their current or most recent partner, and 6.5 percent reported having experienced sexual violence. Concerns persisted regarding organized criminal groups use of physical violence in retaliation for information posted online, which exposed journalists, bloggers, and social media users to the same level of violence faced by traditional journalists. The constitution allows any person to arrest another if the crime is committed in his or her presence. There were no government restrictions on academic freedom or cultural events. Office of the Special Envoy for Critical and Emerging Technology, Office of the U.S. Several indigenous communities brought legal actions to oppose the construction, many of which were dismissed or denied. Federal law sets six eight-hour days and 48 hours per week as the legal workweek. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State. Government authorities also reported an increase of 73 percent in online child pornography distribution during the pandemic. On August 28, approximately 500 migrants, the majority from Haiti, started a caravan from Tapachula to Mexico City to obtain expedited asylum processing. There were credible reports of sexual assaults against migrants, particularly women, while migrating in and through the country. There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. In February 2020, it called on El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico to protect the rights of migrants and refugees to leave their country of origin, noting that asylum applications from . On October 7, the army relieved Colonel Miguel Angel Ramirez Canchola, accused of ordering the killings, of his posting, but as of October prosecutors had not taken action against the soldiers. The government continued to pursue the extradition of Tomas Zeron from Israel. car accident in brooklyn today belt parkway. Investigations, prosecutions, and convictions for the crime of forced disappearance were rare. Local commentators pointed to the electoral authorities quick and transparent publishing of results as increasing citizen trust in the electoral and democratic system. The law prohibits the worst forms of child labor.

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